Ear Infections in Dogs and Cats

Ears normally have a few bacteria and yeast cells present. Ear infections occur when bacteria or yeast increase to an overwhelming number and the body is unable to fight off these organisms. Otitis as it is also called is a common ailment in warm and humid weather but can be a problem for some pets year round depending on their breed or genetic make up.

Signs of infections include:

§         Odor

§         Scratching or rubbing at ears or head

§         Brown or greenish yellow discharge in the ears

§         Redness or swelling of the ear flap or canals

§         Excessive head shaking or tilting it to one side

§         Pain and discomfort around the ears

§         Changes in behavior such ad depression or irritability

§         Self trauma from scratching behind the ears

Causes of infections

§         Allergies such as atopy or food allergies can change the environment in the ear often causing a secondary infection.

§         Foreign bodies like plant material or dirt can cause irritation triggering the pet to scratch traumatizing the ear setting of an infection.

§         Hormonal abnormalities like hypo-thyroidism can affect skin condition causing an infection.

§         Ear environment. Bacteria and yeast thrive in warm, moist environments. Dogs that have long, heavy ears don’t get adequate air flow trapping moisture and bacteria. Dogs that swim a lot are also prone to developing a yeast overgrowth in the ears.

Treatment

There are many ways of treating ear infections depending on the level of inflammation and its cause.  Looking at an ear swab under the microscope will help us determine the best medication to prescribe.  If a lot of bacteria are present the veterinarian will prescribe an ointment specifically for the ears and in some cases oral antibiotics. For a yeast infection, an enzymatic antifungal medication could be prescribed to kill excess yeast. Once the ears are cleaned and excess debris is removed treatment can begin and usually is prescribed for 5 to 7 days. The veterinarian will usually re-check an ear swab to see if the treatment was successful. Cleaning ears with a prescribed ear cleaner at least once a week can help prevent a re-occurrence. If your pet has allergies, consider switching to a hypo-allergenic diet. Clipping the hair around the ears can help keep them ventilated for breeds with floppy or long ears. If you have a dog that loves to be in the water we recommend that you dry the ears after they have been swimming.  For further information or questions please call and ask to speak to a technician.